What is the function of a transponder in IFR flying?

The function of a transponder in IFR flying is to transmit altitude and identification to Air Traffic Control (ATC) radar. This is a crucial component of maintaining safe and efficient air traffic management, especially in a crowded airspace. When an aircraft is equipped with a transponder, it continuously sends out information that allows ATC to locate the aircraft on radar screens, ensuring that air traffic controllers can accurately monitor its position, altitude, and intent.

This capability is particularly important when flying under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR), where precise navigation and communication with ATC are essential for safety. The transponder enhances situational awareness for both pilots and controllers, enabling effective separation of aircraft and facilitating easier coordination during flight operations.