Which aspect of flight is significantly affected by atmospheric pressure changes?

Atmospheric pressure changes have a significant impact on instrument readings, particularly on altimeters and vertical speed indicators. Altimeters require constant calibration to provide accurate altitude readings because they measure the atmospheric pressure outside the aircraft, which varies with weather conditions and altitude changes. As atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude or due to changing weather patterns, the altimeter will reflect these changes, which can lead to misinterpretation of altitude if not correctly adjusted.

Therefore, pilots must understand how to manage and interpret these instrument readings in relation to atmospheric pressure to ensure safe and accurate flight operations. While other aspects like fuel consumption, navigation accuracy, and passenger comfort may be influenced by flying conditions, they are not as directly linked to atmospheric pressure changes as instrument readings are.